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Data Base Design Process

OVERVIEW: Before we design a database for any organization, we have to consider many aspects to find out the practical scenario of owning a database. Few of them are discussed as follows: Feasibility Study: This is also called preliminary investigation of the required database. It involves the area identification and selection. i.e. which area or aspect is to be selected to start with. After the project is selected, it is allocated a specific fund and a proper planning is chalked out for its practical implementation. Side by side, a proper market analysis is also worked out. Requirements Analysis: During this activity, the requirements are gathered i.e. the possible inputs for the database and the required functionality out of it. The users precisely narrate their needs of the database and the possible domain and restrictions are also chalked out. Project Planning: A proper schedule is laid down to accomplish this activity. All the cost factors are taken into consideration i.e.
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Data Base

 A   Data Base is a collection logically related data sets or file . No r maly, these files /data sets are of different nature, used for specific purposes. these may be organized in various ways to meet processing and retrieval requirements of the organizations or users.                                      A  Data base system is just a computerized record keeping system. A data base itself can be regarded as a kind of electronic file cabinet, a warehouse or a repository for a collection of computerized data files. the user of he database normally has he following facilities to enjoy. Adding new , blank file to the database. Inserting new data into the existing files. Retrieving data from existing files. Updating data in existing files. Deleting data from existing files. Removing existing files, empty or otherwise from the database. A database system involves four major components, namely.             Data                   The Information             Har
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Data Integrity And Normalization

OVERVIEW: Data Integrity: Database integrity refers to the correctness and consistency of data. It is another form of database protection. While it is related to security and precision, it has some broader implications as well. Security involves protecting the data from unauthorized operations, while integrity is concerned with the quality of data itself. Integrity is usually expressed in terms of certain constraints which are the consistency rules that the database is not permitted to violate. Following two are the most important constraints in relational database: (i)       Entity Integrity: is a constraint on primary values that states that no attribute of a primary key            should contain nulls. (ii)      Referential integrity: is a constraints on foreign key values that states that if a foreign key                  exist in a relation, then either the foreign key value must match the primary key value of some            tuple in its home relation or the foreign k
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